Kotzebue 3

 
Director: 
unknown
Production Date: 
Circa 1972-73
Producer: 
Northwest Arctic Television Center
Run Time: 
0:18:40
Sponsor: 
KYUK-TV, Bethel, AK

Named locations: Koyukuk, Ruth Glacier, Noatak, Yukon Territory (Alaska)

Major themes covered: The KYUK TV Productions Collection: discussion of the old ways concluded
Native activities shown: 
Subsistence; trapping; making textiles from animal skins and intestines; kayaking; travelling; the eleven villages.

Individuals Named:  Grace Lincoln; Blanche Rose Lincoln (not named, but pictured; they are named in
"Kotzebue 1"); Cookie (?) Lincoln (daughter of Grace; granddaughter Rose
Lincoln; not named, but pictured; she is named in "Kotzebue 2")Native language spoken: Eskimo language (Iñupiaq)
See also in AIFG: Kotzebue 1,2, and 4-8; other KYUK films, especially "Cama-i Dance Festival"

Other information:
The eleven villages of the Inupiaq are as follows: Kivalina, Noatak, Kotzebue, Noorvik, Kiana, Selawik, Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak, Deering, and Buckland [retrieved from: http://www.maniilaq.org/aboutNWAlaska.html]
"The Borough has been occupied by Iñupiat Eskimos for the past 10,000-15,000 years. Qikiktagruk (now known as Kotzebue) was the hub of ancient Arctic Trading routes. In 1818, the Kotzebue Sound was "discovered" by a German Admiral, Otto Von Kotzebue, while sailing for the Russian Navy. Most of the villages have existed for thousands of years, but some developed as supply stations for interior gold mining. The present-day borough government was
formed in 1986." [retrieved from: http://www.maniilaq.org/aboutNWAlaska.html]

Resources:

  • Berman, Matthew. "Moving or staying for the best part of life: Theory and evidence for the role of subsistence in migration and well-being of Arctic Inupiat residents." Polar Geography, 32:1-2 (2009): 3-16. Print. *This source provides a geographic perspective on Inupiat subsistence, as well as a sense of how subsistence has been preserved and transformed in the 30-40 years since the Kotzebue films were produced.
  • Burch, Ernest S. Social life in northwest Alaska : the structure of Iñupiaq Eskimo nations. Fairbanks: Univ. of Alaska Press, 2006. Print. *This source discusses the eleven villages and describes the relationship betweenthe different clans and families that represent the different villages. Blanche Rose sometimes refers to place names, and they are usually within the parameters, orboundaries of the eleven villages.
  • Iqitqiramlu. Aaluumlu. Tatqaviñamlu. Tinuum. Iñupiat kaminich. Noorvik, Alaska: Aglaktit Nakpigarriuqtuat Program, ca. 1960-1970. Print. ("This book contains different types of mukłuks from Northwest Alaska. Although we may not have included all the mukłuks from different villages we hope in the future a more advanced text will be made. Each page contains the name of the mukłuk part and what skin or material it is made out of. Also in parenthesis, is the season the mukłuk is worn and by whom. Ex: man, woman, or both. In the back of the book is glossary with definition of some of the Eskimo words. This is to help the younger people today that may have hard time understanding the terms. There is also a work book similar to the text but with out the information. This is so that the bilingual instructors can use it for testing if need be.") [retrieved from: http://universityofarizona.worldcat.org.ezproxy1.library.arizona.edu/tit...
  • Pritzker, Barry. A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: Univ. Press, 2000. Print. *This source mentions many of the handmade items that Blanche Rose and Grace Lincoln discuss in this film, including handmade diapers and milk bottles.
  • Vick, Ann. The Cama-i book : kayaks, dogsleds, bear hunting, bush pilots, smoked fish, mukluks, and other traditions of southwestern Alaska. Garden City, NY: Anchor Press/Doubleday, 1983. Print.
  • Williams, Maria Sháa Tláa, ed. The Alaska native reader: history, culture, politics. Durham: Duke Univ. Press, 2009. Print.
  • Zimmerly, David W. Qajaq: Kayaks of Siberia and Alaska. Juneau: Division of State Museums, 1986. Print.
  • This is link to the Selawik Wildlife Refuge's draft of comprehensive conservation. The document provides valuable information with regard to the continued subsistence lifestyle of the Inupiat people, including the types of animals and fish they hunt, as well as information describing the kinship structures that guide Inupiat methods of subsistence.
  • http://www.nwabor.org/index.html *This website provides more information with regard to the eleven Inupiat villages and aims to preserve the culture and subsistence of the Inupiat tribe.
  • This is a link to an article based on a presentation by Fran Reed, member of the Textile Society of America, given at a symposium in Honolulu in 2008. Reed discusses how parkas are made, the materials that are used, etc. This is a nice complement to some of the information that Blanche Rose provides as to how parkas, mukluks, and other textiles were made out of animal materials.

--Emily Thomas, 2013